Facial deformities
Craniosynostosis
Craniosynostosis is the early fusion of two or more bones of the skull. Baby skull consists of bones which have not yet joined to each other but are connected by flexible links called cranial sutures
Plagiocephaly
Plagiocephaly is a term used for the description of the asymmetric formation of the skull and is divided into two categories: forehead plagiocephaly and occipital plagiocephaly.
Trigonocephaly
Trigonocephaly is caused by premature synostosis of the metopic suture (which is a suture in the middle of the frontal bone) where the forehead develops in a way that is triangular.
Scaphocephaly
Scaphocephaly is caused by premature synostosis of the sagittal suture. The suture is directed from front to back on the top of the skull and when closed prematurely is usually palpable while visually a clearly stretched head is observed. In some cases where there is premature synostiosis only the back part of the sagittal suture, varies somewhat. The forehead is large and dome-shaped, while the vault of the skull shows incline from front and back up and down.
Positional Plagiocephaly (PP)
Occipital plagiocephaly is characterised by asymmetry and widening of the posterior portion of the head (parieto-occipital area).
Crouzon syndrome
Crouzon Syndrome is characterised by multiple early synostosis of the sutures of the skull and face that derives its characteristic appearance.
Apert Syndrome
Apert syndrome is one of the most serious syndromes and occurs with a frequency of 1-65,000 to 1-88,000 births. It is characterised by early synostosis among the bones of the skull but also the bones of the skull and the face. This synostosis causes the characteristic appearance of this syndrome.